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Martensitic stainless steel

Osprey® 420

Osprey® 420 is a martensitic stainless chromium steel free of nickel and cobalt with good ductility and high strength and hardness. After hardening, the alloy has good corrosion resistance and high toughness.

UNS
S42000
ASTM, AISI
420
EN Name
X20Cr13
EN Number
1.4021

Powder designed for

  • Additive Manufacturing (AM)
  • Metal Injection Moulding (MIM)

This metal powder is manufactured by Inert Gas Atomization (IGA), producing a powder with a spherical morphology which provides good flow characteristics and high packing density.

Technical data

Page updated Sep 14, 2023 12:38 PM CET (supersedes all previous editions)

Download datasheet PDF

  • Chemical composition (nominal), %
    Fe
    Bal.
    C
    0.30
    Cr
    13
    Si
    ≤1.0
    Mn
    ≤1.0
    S
    ≤0.03
    P
    ≤0.04

  • Powder characteristics and morphology

    Powder for Additive Manufacturing

    Osprey® metal powder for Additive Manufacturing is characterized by a spherical morphology and high packing density, which confer good flow properties. For powder bed processes these are essential when applying fresh powder layers to the bed to ensure uniform and consistent part build.

    For blown powder processes, such as Direct Energy Deposition (DED), good flow ensures uniform build rates. Tight control of the particle size distribution also helps ensure good flowability. Low oxygen powders result in clean microstructures and low inclusion levels in the finished parts.
    SEM micrograph of -45 +15 μm powder with spherical morphology. Data source: University of Louisville.SEM micrographs showing smooth surface and low level of powder satellites. Data source: University of Louisville.

    Powder for Metal Injection Moulding (MIM)

    Osprey® MIM powder has a spherical morphology, resulting in high packing density. This enables the manufacture of feedstocks with high powder loading, which not only minimizes binder costs but also reduces part shrinkage during debinding and sintering. Spherical powder also has excellent flow characteristics, resulting in reduced tool wear and consistent mould filling.

    Osprey® MIM powder's low oxygen content allows better control of carbon and consistency during sintering. Low oxygen levels, together with high packing density, also facilitate faster sintering.

     

  • Particle size distribution

    Powder for Additive Manufacturing

    Osprey® metal powder for Additive Manufacturing is available in a wide range of particle size distributions that are tailored to the individual Additive Manufacturing systems. They can also be tailored to the particular requirements of the end application, both in terms of mechanical performance and surface finish.

    Typical particle size distributions for Additive Manufacturing.

    Typical particle size distributions for Additive Manufacturing
    Process technology Size (µm)
    Binder jetting ≤ 16, ≤ 22, ≤ 32, ≤ 38, ≤ 45
    Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) 15 to 53 and 10 to 45
    Electron beam - Powder Bed Fusion (E-PBF) 45 to 106
    Direct Energy Deposition (DED) 53 to 150

    Powder for Metal Injection Moulding (MIM)

    Osprey® metal powder for Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) is available in a wide range of particle size distributions, from under 5 μm up to 38 μm. The table shows our standard particle size distributions for MIM powders.

    Typical particle size distributions for Metal Injection Moulding (MIM)*
    Size (μm) D10 (μm) D50 (μm) D90 (μm)
    ≤ 38 5.5 13.0 31.0
    ≤ 32 5.0 12.0 29.0
    80% ≤ 22 4.5 11.5 27.0
    90% ≤ 22 4.0 10.5 22.0
    90% ≤ 16 3.5 8.0 16.0

    *Particle size measurements performed using a Malvern laser particle size analyzer, typical D10, D50 and D90 provided.

    Tailor-made particle size distributions are available on request. Contact us to discuss your specific requirements.

  • Heat treatment

    Components made from Osprey® 420 benefit from a simple heat treatment, which can result in a Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effect, during loading that significantly increases the elongation.

    The alloy can be heat treated to relieve induced stress during the additive manufacturing build process and stabilize the microstructure.

  • Mechanical properties

    Osprey® 420 is suitable for e.g. processing by additive manufacturing including Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF), achieving a high density (> 99.8%) when using optimized build conditions and process parameters.

    Properties are shown for both standard and optimum grade compositions.

    Typical mechanical properties of material produced by Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) in as-built condition, evaluated at room temperature

    Mechanical properties, metric units
    Grade composition Yield strength (Rp0.2), MPa Tensile strength (Rm), MPa Elongation (A), % Hardness, HV (HRC)*
    Standard 900 1,050 2.5 640 (55)
    Enhanced 1,050 1,340 4.0 570 (52)
    Mechanical properties, imperial units
    Grade composition Yield strength (Rp0.2), ksi Tensile strength (Rm), ksi Elongation (A), % Hardness, HV (HRC)*
    Standard 131 152 2.5 640 (55)
    Enhanced 152 194 4.0 570 (52)

    *Typical Vicker’s Hardness levels (ASTM E92, ISO 6507-1, JIS Z2244, GB/T 4340.1) as well as HRC values (ASTM E18, ISO 6508-1, JIS Z2245, GB/T 230) in the Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) as-built and heat-treated conditions.

    Typical mechanical properties of material produced by Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) in heat-treated condition, 315°C/599°F for 2h followed by air cooling.

    Mechanical properties, metric units
    Grade composition Yield strength (Rp0.2), MPa Tensile strength (Rm), MPa Elongation (A), % Hardness, HRC*
    Standard 900 1,520 6.3 53
    Enhanced 1,280 1,750 9.0 51
    Mechanical properties, imperial units
    Grade composition Yield strength (Rp0.2), ksi Tensile strength (Rm), ksi Elongation (A), % Hardness, HRC*
    Standard 138 220 6.3 53
    Enhanced 186 254 9.0 51

    *Typical Vicker’s Hardness levels (ASTM E92, ISO 6507-1, JIS Z2244, GB/T 4340.1) as well as HRC values (ASTM E18, ISO 6508-1, JIS Z2245, GB/T 230) in the Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) as-built and heat-treated conditions.

  • Typical application areas

    Osprey® 420 does not contain nickel or cobalt and therefore provides a cost-effective material, which is suitable for applications that demand high levels of mechanical strength combined with corrosion resistance.

    Applications include conformal cooled injection mould tools and medical instruments and knives.

  • Testing

    All Osprey® metal powders are supplied with a certificate of analysis containing information on the chemical composition and particle size distribution. Information on other powder characteristics is available upon request.

  • Packaging

    A wide range of packaging options is available, from 5kgs plastic bottles to 250kg metal drums.

    5 kg (11 lbs) Plastic bottles
    6 kg (13 lbs) Plastic bottles
    10 kg (22 lbs) Plastic bottles
    20 kg (44 lbs) Metal cans
    100 kg (220 lbs) Steel drums
    150 kg (330 lbs) Steel drums
    250 kg (551 lbs) Steel drums
    All packaging materials are suitable for air, sea and road freight.

    Contact us for more information and to discuss your packaging requirements.

Disclaimer: Data and recommendations are for guidance only, and the suitability of a powder for a specific process or application can be confirmed only when we know the actual conditions. Continuous development may necessitate changes in technical data without notice. This datasheet is only valid for Osprey® powder.

Osprey® Online

Buy Osprey® 420 for additive manufacturing from our online store, available directly from stock.

Range of martensitic stainless steel

Osprey® Standards* Fe C Cr Nb Mo Si Mn S P
410 UNS S41000 / EN No. 1.4006 Bal. 0.15 11.5-13.5 - - 1.0 1.0 0.03 0.04 410
420 UNS S42000 / EN No. 1.4021 Bal. 0.30 13 - - ≤1.0 ≤1.0 ≤0.03 ≤0.04
440B UNS S44003 / EN No. 1.4112 Bal. 0.75-0.95 16.0-18.0 - 0.75 1.0 1.0 0.03 0.04 440B
440C UNS S44004 / EN No. 1.4125 Bal. 0.95-1.20 16.0-18.0 - 0.75 1.0 1.0 0.03 0.04 440C

* Information about more standards is available in the datasheet for the respective alloy.

For more information

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